磁矢量三维反演技术在深部铀矿勘查中的应用前景探讨     

王培建 《铀矿地质》2021,(1):96-104

磁矢量三维反演是近年发展起来的磁反演技术,能三维显示地下不同磁性体的空间展布,国外在磁性矿产勘查方面应用效果明显,开展该方法在铀矿勘查中的应用研究,可为寻找隐伏铀矿提供方法技术参考。文章简要介绍了磁矢量三维反演的基本理论,在此基础上选择龙首山铀成矿带中段新水井-芨岭地区的航磁数据分析其在碱交代型铀矿勘查中的应用效果,并利用二连盆地锡林浩特地区的航磁数据探索其在古河道型铀矿中的应用效果,探讨了将该技术应用于深部铀矿勘查的前景。结果表明:在碱交代型铀矿勘查中,磁反演结果可以较好地定位深部岩性界面这一有利找铀环境的空间位置;在古河道型铀矿勘查中,磁反演可以分辨出局部隆坳格局,缩小寻找深部古河道发育有利地段的范围。磁矢量三维反演可为寻找深部有利铀成矿环境提供地球物理参考,值得推广应用。  相似文献   

普朗斑岩型铜矿床成矿元素多重分形特征及其矿化强度指示     

万丽  刘慧  曾祥健 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2021,51(4):1054-1063

成矿元素品位的变化受控于长期地质作用过程,具有较强的非线性特征,定量刻画其变化特征有助于深入理解成矿过程,并为找矿预测提供理论依据。运用多重分形去趋势移动均值（MFDMA） 法,分析云南普朗斑岩型铜矿床4号勘探线钻孔Cu元素品位的多重分形特征及其对矿化强度的指示意义。结果显示：所有钻孔Cu元素品位具有多重分形特征,且不同矿化等级的元素分布存在局部奇异性差异,多重分形强度随矿化强度等级减弱而增加;这些特征指示在钾硅化带—带内侧强矿化钻孔的高品位相对聚集,而带外侧角岩化—青磐岩化带的高品位相对分散;通过数据随机重排技术推测Cu品位多重分形结构奇异性差异是由其分布概率密度和长相关性共同作用引起,后者的作用贡献大于前者。  相似文献   

LCT型伟晶岩及其锂矿床成因概述   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

张辉  吕正航  唐勇 《地质学报》2021,95(10):2955-2970

花岗伟晶岩具有与低共熔花岗岩相似的矿物和化学组成,通常与高分异花岗岩具有成因联系.花岗伟晶岩划分为富Li-Cs-Ta (LCT)、富Nb-Y-F (NYF)和混合的LCT+NYF型,其中LCT型伟晶岩以过铝质,富集助熔组分(H2O、F、P、B)、稀有元素(Li、Rb、Cs、Nb、Ta、Be、Sn),极其低的Nb/Ta比值(＜5)为特征.通常LCT型伟晶岩显示内部分带,主要包括边界带、壁带、中间带和核部带;此外,可能还发育交代体、层状细晶岩和晶洞.大多数LCT型伟晶岩形成与(同造山)-晚造山的过铝质S型、Ⅰ型或混合的S+Ⅰ型花岗岩具有成因联系.对于壳源沉积岩小比例部分熔融直接形成的伟晶岩,通常形成于伸展背景下的晚造山和造山后阶段,侵入于典型的低压角闪岩-高绿片岩相的变沉积岩中.伟晶岩外带(包括边缘带、壁带、细晶岩)中的细粒和细晶岩结构、UST(单向固结结构)是液相线过冷所致,而伟晶岩内带(中间带、核部带)中粗大矿物形成、矿物分带以及稀有金属矿物的饱和结晶是助熔组分(H2O、B、P、F)、稀有金属(Li、Rb、Cs、Be、Nb、Ta)通过组成带状纯化方式在边界层聚集的结果.伟晶岩分离结晶作用的开始与液相线过冷状态密切相关,晶体成核延迟、晶体生长速率、晶体成核密度取决于液相线过冷程度(ΔT).针对LCT型伟晶岩,已提出的稀有金属成矿机制主要有分离结晶作用、岩浆不混溶、超临界流体和组成带状纯化.对于全脉矿化锂辉石伟晶岩成因,尚不清楚是岩浆液态分离还是Li强烈分配进入流体相所致?  相似文献   

Whole-rock chemistry of the Gameleira I uranium deposit,Lagoa Real,Brazil     

《Chemie der Erde / Geochemistry》2021,81(1):125677

The Lagoa Real uranium (U) province, referred to as Lagoa Real, is located in the state of Bahia, north-eastern Brazil. Lagoa Real has ∼112,000 metric tonnes and average grade of 2700 ppm of U₃O₈, being one of the largest U deposits in the world and the largest in Brazil. Despite its economic and strategic importance, there are gaps in the geological knowledge of the Lagoa Real U deposits. One of them is the lack of extensive whole-rock chemical data sets. Here, we present whole-rock chemical analyses for major and trace elements, including the rare-earth elements (REE), from barren country rocks to uraniferous ore shoot, systematically sampled from an exploratory drill hole. The chemical data indicate that albitite rocks, with and without uraniferous mineralisation, cannot result from sodic syenitic magmatism, as proposed by recent studies. Petrographical and geochemical evidence supports the previously suggested concept that the Lagoa Real albitite rocks resulted from sodic metasomatism of the granitic country rock, known as the São Timóteo granite. Their ore-mineral assemblages and geochemical characteristics are similar to albitite-hosted U deposits worldwide.  相似文献   

陕西八卦庙金矿床NE向黄铁矿-石英成矿期成矿物质来源和成矿机制探讨:原位硫同位素证据     

蔡光耀  安芳  袁轶  刘芳  刘炜  张京渤 《地质学报》2021,95(5):1561-1572

八卦庙金矿床位于秦岭造山带凤太铅锌多金属矿田北部,是陕西省规模较大的金矿床之一,已探明金储量约106 t.赋矿围岩是上泥盆统星红铺组浅变质泥质碎屑岩和碳酸盐岩,其成矿过程可划分为3期,分别是①顺层磁黄铁矿-石英成矿期;②NE向黄铁矿-石英成矿期;③裂隙硫化物-方解石成矿期.目前关于NE向黄铁矿-石英成矿期成矿物质来源和成矿机制仍存在争议.本文通过矿相学观察,将NE向黄铁矿-石英成矿期划分为自形磁黄铁矿-黄铁矿-粗粒石英阶段(Ⅰ)、他形黄铁矿-银金矿-细粒石英阶段(Ⅱ)、他形磁黄铁矿-自然金-方解石阶段(Ⅲ)和黑云母阶段(IV),并在此基础上采用激光剥蚀-多接收等离子体质谱(LA-MC-ICP-MS)分析方法对千枚岩围岩中以及不同阶段形成的硫化物进行了原位S同位素测试,结果显示围岩中原生磁黄铁矿的δ34 S值集中于11.6‰～13.0‰之间,介于前人报道的原生黄铁矿δ34 S值变化范围(3.3‰～16.0‰);阶段I形成的黄铁矿的δ34 S值为8.4‰～10.1‰,磁黄铁矿为7.6‰～8.0‰;阶段II黄铁矿的δ34 S值相对较高,为14.0‰～15.9‰;阶段Ⅲ磁黄铁矿的δ34 S值介于6.4‰～8.3‰之间.八卦庙金矿NE向黄铁矿-石英成矿期总体相对富集重硫同位素、离散程度较大,各阶段硫化物的硫同位素值介于矿集区花岗岩和围岩硫之间,显示其具有岩浆硫与地层硫混合的特征.结合阶段I到阶段Ⅲ矿物组合的变化(黄铁矿+磁黄铁矿→黄铁矿→磁黄铁矿),推断阶段IIδ34 S值增高是水岩反应引起的硫化作用所致,而阶段Ⅲ硫同位素值降低可能与岩浆水的加入密切相关.结合成矿物理化学条件,推断该成矿期成矿热液中金主要以Au(HS)2-的形式迁移,阶段I到阶段Ⅱ由水岩反应引起的硫化作用是导致他形黄铁矿-银金矿-细粒石英阶段(Ⅱ)金矿化的主要原因,而岩浆水的混入可能是导致他形磁黄铁矿-自然金-方解石阶段(Ⅲ)金沉淀的主要机理.  相似文献   

赞比亚铜带省谦比希盆地含矿地层地球化学特征、物源属性及其成矿地质背景研究     

卢宜冠  孙凯  覃鹏  何胜飞  张航  龚鹏辉  许康康  任军平  郭硕  涂家润 《地质学报》2021,95(4):1082-1099

中非铜钴成矿带是全球重要的铜资源产地和最大的钴资源产地,其中赞比亚成矿带内90％铜(钴)资源蕴含于赞比亚铜带省的沉积型矿床中.本文选取铜带省中部谦比希盆地内穆旺巴希铜矿、谦比希西铜矿和谦比希东南铜钴矿为研究对象,对矿床(体)赋矿层位开展岩相学、主微量元素、稀土元素研究,分析其物源区组成和构造环境,探讨铜钴成矿地质背景.岩相学特征表明,赋铜(钴)地层岩性主要为敏多拉组砂岩、细砂岩和基特韦组页岩、粉砂岩、板岩、石英岩等.稀土元素标准化配分曲线呈现轻稀土富集、重稀土平坦和铕负异常特征.成分变异指数(ICV)与化学蚀变指数(CIA)的研究表明源区未遭受强的沉积物再循环及化学风化作用,从穆旺巴希矿床、谦比希西矿体到谦比希东南矿体,含矿地层风化作用逐渐减弱,沉积环境由温暖、湿润气候向寒冷、干燥气候转变.岩石地球化学判别图解显示含矿地层物源主要为长英质沉积岩和火成岩,构造性质长期处在以被动大陆边缘为主,主动大陆边缘和大陆岛弧次之的环境中.其中含钴的基特韦组地层的物源中可能伴有少量镁铁质成分的加入,构造背景主要为大陆岛弧环境.综合区域成矿年代学研究,中非成矿带铜钴成矿具有多期性,地层物源属性、沉积成岩期的氧化-还原环境以及区域构造事件最终导致了赞比亚成矿带铜钴成矿的差异性.  相似文献   

应用电子探针-扫描电镜研究陕西华阳川铀稀有多金属矿床稀土矿物特征     

万建军  潘春蓉  严杰  康清清  洪斌跃  钟福军  黄卉  杜景勇  严兆彬  潘家永 《岩矿测试》2021,(1):145-155

陕西华阳川铀稀有多金属矿床伴生大量的稀土资源,其矿石类型独特、组分复杂,系统的稀土矿物学工作将揭示矿石主要稀土矿物类型、稀土元素赋存状态,进而对矿床开发中稀土元素综合利用及选冶技术提供重要参考。本文在岩相学基础上,利用电子探针、扫描电镜对陕西华阳川铀稀有多金属矿床矿石中的稀土独立矿物与含稀土矿物进行系统研究,在矿石中发现了褐帘石（La₂O₃ 6.49%～7.61%,Ce₂O₃ 11.50%～14.00%）、磷铈镧矿（La₂O₃ 16.30%～21.21%,Ce₂O₃ 32.06%～39.18%）、磷钇矿（La₂O₃ 2.29%～3.58%,Ce₂O₃ 1.89%～2.37%,Y₂O₃ 39.77%～42.80%）、氟碳铈镧矿（La₂O₃ 12.86%～14.20%,Ce₂O₃ 36.67%～39.90%）、褐钇铌矿（La₂O₃ 1.19%～2.11%,Ce₂O₃ 1.29%～2.30%,Y₂O₃ 22.67%～25.88%）等5种稀土独立矿物;同时发现磷灰石、贝塔石、榍石等矿物中稀土元素含量较高。研究表明,该矿床稀土元素以独立矿物（褐帘石、磷铈镧矿、磷钇矿、氟碳铈镧矿、褐钇铌矿）与类质同象（磷灰石、贝塔石、榍石等矿物）两种形式存在,稀土资源以La、Ce轻稀土元素为主,并富含重稀土元素Y。  相似文献   

青海省都兰县查哈西里地区地球化学异常特征及成矿远景评述     

齐文博  师兵  王嘉炜  杨碧莹  柳坤峰 《地质与资源》2021,30(4):431-442

通过1：5万水系沉积物的地球化学测量,对查哈西里地区Au、Cu等16种元素的地球化学特征进行了初步分析.综合元素富集程度、分异程度、叠加强度,发现Au、Cu、Ni、Cr、Co在研究区内有富集成矿的可能,是研究区主要成矿元素.根据异常特征与成矿地质条件,推断区内为构造蚀变岩型Au-Cu多金属矿床及热液蚀变型Cu-Ni多金属矿床.优选出4处成矿远景区,即科德日特-巴嘎哈尔散金铜多金属成矿远景区、查干热格沟铜多金属成矿远景区、乌兰可镍多金属成矿远景区和马尼特沟南铁镍多金属成矿远景区.  相似文献   

Geology and mineralization of the Sanshandao supergiant gold deposit (1200 t) in the Jiaodong Peninsula,China: A review     

《China Geology》2021,4(4):686-719

The Jiaodong Peninsula in Shandong Province, China is the world’s third-largest gold metallogenic area, with cumulative proven gold resources exceeding 5000 t. Over the past few years, breakthroughs have been made in deep prospecting at a depth of 500–2000 m, particularly in the Sanshandao area where a huge deep gold orebody was identified. Based on previous studies and the latest prospecting progress achieved by the project team of this study, the following results are summarized. (1) 3D geological modeling results based on deep drilling core data reveal that the Sanshandao gold orefield, which was previously considered to consist of several independent deposits, is a supergiant deposit with gold resources of more than 1200 t (including 470 t under the sea area). The length of the major orebody is nearly 8 km, with a greatest depth of 2312 m below sea level and a maximum length of more than 3 km along their dip direction. (2) Thick gold orebodies in the Sanshandao gold deposit mainly occur in the specific sections of the ore-controlling fault where the fault plane changes from steeply to gently inclined, forming a stepped metallogenic model from shallow to deep level. The reason for this strong structural control on mineralization forms is that when ore-forming fluids migrated along faults, the pressure of fluids greatly fluctuated in fault sections where the fault dip angle changed. Since the solubility of gold in the ore-forming fluid is sensitive to fluid pressure, these sections along the fault plane serve as the target areas for deep prospecting. (3) Thermal uplifting-extensional structures provide thermodynamic conditions, migration pathways, and deposition spaces for gold mineralization. Meanwhile, the changes in mantle properties induced the transformation of the geochemical properties of the lower crust and magmatic rocks. This further led to the reactivation of ore-forming elements, which provided rich materials for gold mineralization. (4) It can be concluded from previous research results that the gold mineralization in the Jiaodong gold deposits occurred at about 120 Ma, which was superimposed by nonferrous metals mineralization at 118–111 Ma. The fluids were dominated by primary mantle water or magmatic water. Metamorphic water occurred in the early stage of the gold mineralization, while the fluid composition was dominated by meteoric water in the late stage. The S, Pb, and Sr isotopic compositions of the ores are similar to those of ore-hosting rocks, indicating that the ore-forming materials mainly derive from crustal materials, with the minor addition of mantle-derived materials. The gold deposits in the Jiaodong Peninsula were formed in an extensional tectonic environment during the transformation of the physical and chemical properties of the lithospheric mantle, which is different from typical orogenic gold deposits. Thus, it is proposed that they are named “Jiaodong-type” gold deposits.©2021 China Geology Editorial Office.  相似文献   

岩浆-热液成矿系统中铁同位素地球化学研究现状     

王续文  李宇轩  安芳 《矿床地质》2023,42(6):1214-1228

铁元素是岩浆-热液成矿系统中参与成矿的重要金属元素之一,岩浆-热液矿床中富铁矿物(黄铁矿、磁铁矿、黄铜矿、磁黄铁矿、斑铜矿、毒砂、菱铁矿)的δ⁵⁶Fe值变化较大(-2.07‰～+1.58‰),指示铁同位素在岩浆演化、流体出溶和热液演化过程中均存在明显的分馏,因此,在约束岩浆-热液成矿系统中成矿金属的迁移-富集-沉淀过程和示踪成矿物质来源方面具有巨大的应用潜力。通过整理和分析前人研究资料,文章总结了岩浆-热液成矿系统岩浆演化、流体出溶和热液演化过程中铁同位素地球化学行为的研究现状。岩浆演化过程中铁同位素会发生显著分馏,如部分熔融过程中,熔体相比残余固相富集重铁同位素;矿物分离结晶会引起残余熔体铁同位素组成的变化,主要受含Fe²⁺或Fe³⁺矿物结晶的影响,如磁铁矿分离结晶会导致残余熔体铁同位素组成变轻,总体反映岩浆氧化还原状态对铁同位素分馏的主要控制作用,因此,含矿岩体铁同位素组成及其变化可用于确定岩浆的氧化还原状态。流体出溶是含矿岩浆演化成为岩浆热液矿床的关键过程,出溶流体相对于母岩富集轻铁同位素,但实验研究表明出溶流体铁...  相似文献